What is the procedure for a fine needle aspiration (FNA)?

The procedure for a fine needle aspiration (FNA) involves inserting a thin needle into a mass or lesion to retrieve cells for analysis. This minimally invasive technique allows clinicians to obtain a sample of cells from a mass, whether it be a lump in the breast, a thyroid nodule, or other types of tumors, without the need for a larger surgical incision.

During the procedure, the physician uses imaging guidance, such as ultrasound, to accurately locate the mass. The thin needle is then inserted into the area of interest, and negative pressure may be applied to draw up the cells. These cells are then collected on a slide or into a collection vial for cytological evaluation. FNA is favored for its simplicity, minimal discomfort, and rapid turnaround for results compared to more invasive procedures.

The options that focus on injecting cells, surgically removing tissue, or using a biopsy punch do not accurately describe the FNA procedure. Instead, FNA is specifically about retrieving cells using a needle to provide a sample for cytological examination.